Rank	Brand	Revenue	Headquarters	Since	Notes
1	NOW Foods	$800M	Bloomingdale, IL	1968	Family-owned; extensive natural product line
2	Frontier Co-op	$140M	Norway, IA	1976	Organic herbs, spices, and essential oils
3	Thorne	290M	Summerville, SC	1984	Clinical-grade supplements; practitioner-trusted
4	Nutricost	$31M	Vineyard, UT	2013	Amazon-focused; fitness and single-ingredient supplements
5	Life Extension	$145M	Fort Lauderdale, FL	1980	Longevity-focused; wide range of supplements
6	Micro Ingredients	$108M	Montclair, CA	2015	Bulk powders and superfoods; strong TikTok presence
7	Nature Made	$255M	West Hills, CA	1971	Leading vitamin brand; broad retail distribution
8	DEVA	$10M	Santa Fe Springs, CA	2003	Vegan and vegetarian supplements
9	KAL	$40M	Ogden, UT	1932	Legacy brand under Nutraceutical Corp; core vitamins and minerals
10	Jigsaw Health	$7.6M	Scottsdale, AZ	2005	Focus on magnesium supplements; emphasizes sustained energy and wellness

Not Recommended Brands

Key Nutrients in Fat Metabolism

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
- Forms Coenzyme A (CoA)
- Essential for beta-oxidation of fatty acids
- Required for fatty acid synthesis and acetyl-CoA metabolism
Choline
- Used in phosphatidylcholine synthesis for VLDL formation
- Prevents fat accumulation in the liver
- Acts as a methyl donor via betaine in lipid metabolism
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
- Coenzyme for FAD/FMN-dependent enzymes in beta-oxidation
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
- NAD⁺ used in fatty acid oxidation
- NADPH used in fatty acid synthesis
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)
- Cofactor for acetyl-CoA carboxylase
- Initiates fatty acid synthesis by forming malonyl-CoA
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
- Converts methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA
- Important for odd-chain fatty acid metabolism

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins Disqualified as Vitamins